Human biological sex is determined by the sex chromosomes X and Y. In most cases, females possess two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y. However, there is some evidence that the Y ...

the macronucleus and the micronucleus (Figure 1). The micronucleus is the germ-line nucleus that contains five normal pairs of chromosomes, but it is transcriptionally inactive under most ...

In particular, it explains that humans have one fewer chromosome pair in their cells than apes, due to a mutation found in chromosome number 2 that caused two chromosomes to fuse into one.

in an African-American family," Nature Genetics, 7:521-4, 1994. (Cited in nearly 60 publications as of June 1996) Many discoveries in the study of human genetic diseases come from reproductively ...

Drets and Shaw then photographed and generated G-banding maps for each human chromosome. They found that each pair of chromosomes within a cell showed a similar G-banding pattern (Figure 1).

Scientists reveal new insights into the hidden processes driving human genetic variation with the first complete human DNA ...

An individual’s growth and development is affected by the genes they inherit from their parents. An example of a human chromosome mutation is when a child inherits an extra copy of chromosome 21.

Each cell with a nucleus contains chromosomes, which are made from DNA Human body cells each contain 23 pairs of chromosomes, half of which are from each parent. So, human gametes (eggs and sperm ...