Intracellular kinases play a ubiquitous role in signaling pathways within cells. Receptor tyrosine kinases function at the beginning of a number of signal transduction cascades, whereas ...

While the membrane voltage indicated the presence of an odor, intracellular calcium levels reflected the odor's concentration. By simultaneously measuring both signals, the researchers were able ...

Lee Hyo-sang's research team found that when astrocytes are exposed to stress-inducing stimuli, the intracellular calcium concentration increases and a signaling substance called adenosine is ...