Astigmatism occurs when the cornea—the transparent front surface of the eye—has an irregular shape, resembling a football rather than a perfectly round basketball. This uneven curvature causes light ...
These considerations may be especially relevant to patients with certain pre-existing ocular conditions (prior corneal refractive surgery, irregular corneal astigmatism, severe corneal dystrophy ...
These considerations may be especially relevant to patients with certain pre-existing ocular conditions (prior corneal refractive surgery, irregular corneal astigmatism, severe corneal dystrophy, ...
Thus, in cases where the surface contour is so irregular that meaningful topography cannot be obtained, a staged approach in which PTKsmoothing precedes customized excimer laser ablation is more ...