A nuclear gene is a gene that has its DNA nucleotide sequence physically situated within the cell nucleus of a eukaryotic organism. This term is employed to differentiate nuclear genes, which are located in the cell nucleus , from genes that are found in mitochondria or chloroplasts .

2023年6月20日 · The complete set of DNA within the nucleus of any organism is called its nuclear genome and is measured as the C-value in units of either the number of base pairs or picograms of DNA. There is a general correlation between the nuclear DNA content of a genome (i.e. the C-value) and the physical size or complexity of an organism.

Nuclear DNA (nDNA), or nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid, is the DNA contained within each cell nucleus of a eukaryotic organism. [1] It encodes for the majority of the genome in eukaryotes, with mitochondrial DNA and plastid DNA coding for the rest.

2017年3月30日 · The main difference between mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA is that mitochondrial DNA is encoded for the genetic information required by mitochondria whereas nuclear DNA is encoded for the genetic information required by the entire cell.

Nuclear DNA refers to the genetic material found within the nucleus of a cell, consisting of two long strands that form a double helix structure. It is composed of nucleotides, which are arranged in a linear order and contain four bases: guanine (G), cytosine (C), adenine (A), and thymine (T).

Recent genomic and microscopy studies reveal the links between gene positioning, gene activity and nuclear speckles. Nuclear speckles are prominent RNA–protein granules or nuclear bodies found in the nucleoplasm of eukaryotic cells (Fig. 1).

The nuclear genomes of most higher eukaryotic organisms are diploid and are characterized by disomic inheritance and sexual reproduction.

Nuclear genes encode hundreds of proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Nevertheless, the identification of nuclear genes responsible for OXPHOS-related disorders has proceeded at a much slower pace, compared with the discovery and characterization of mtDNA mutations.

The most studied component of the nuclear genome is genes, units of functional information encoded in the DNA sequence. The more we have learned about genetics and genomics, the more difficult it has become to precisely define a gene.

This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of nuclear bodies in regulating gene expression. The compartmentalization of cellular processes, such as ribosome biogenesis, RNA processing, cellular response to stress, transcription, ...